EXCELPART5

MS Excel Professional Applications

SECTION 1: Engineering Calculations in Excel

Example 1: Area of a Rectangle

Length = 25m (A1)
Width = 12m (A2)

Step 1: Area Formula = Length × Width
Step 2: 25 × 12 = 300 m²

Excel Formula:
=A1*A2

Result: 300 m²

Example 2: Beam Load Calculation

Load (W) = 5000N
Length (L) = 6m

Bending Moment Formula:
M = W × L / 4

Step 1: 5000 × 6 = 30000
Step 2: 30000 ÷ 4 = 7500 Nm

Excel Formula:
=(A1*A2)/4

Result: 7500 Nm

Example 3: Ohm’s Law

Voltage (V) = 240V
Resistance (R) = 60Ω

Formula:
I = V / R

Step 1: 240 ÷ 60 = 4 Amps

Excel Formula:
=A1/A2

Result: 4A

SECTION 2: Accounting Applications

Example 1: Profit Calculation

Revenue = 150,000 (B1)
Expenses = 95,000 (B2)

Profit Formula:
Profit = Revenue – Expenses

Step 1: 150,000 – 95,000 = 55,000

Excel Formula:
=B1-B2

Result: 55,000

Example 2: VAT Calculation (7.5%)

Amount = 200,000
VAT Rate = 7.5%

Step 1: Convert 7.5% to decimal → 0.075
Step 2: 200,000 × 0.075 = 15,000

Excel Formula:
=A1*7.5%

VAT = 15,000
Total Amount = 200,000 + 15,000 = 215,000

Example 3: Discount Calculation

Selling Price = 50,000
Discount = 10%

Step 1: 50,000 × 10% = 5,000
Step 2: 50,000 – 5,000 = 45,000

Excel Formula:
=A1*10%
=A1-B1

SECTION 3: Payroll System (Step-by-Step)

Employee Payroll Example

Basic Salary = 120,000
Housing Allowance = 30,000
Transport Allowance = 20,000

Step 1: Gross Salary = Basic + Housing + Transport
120,000 + 30,000 + 20,000 = 170,000

Excel Formula:
=SUM(A1:A3)

Gross Salary = 170,000

Tax Deduction (PAYE 10%)

Gross Salary = 170,000
Tax Rate = 10%

Step 1: 170,000 × 10% = 17,000

Excel Formula:
=A4*10%

Tax = 17,000

Net Salary Calculation

Gross Salary = 170,000
Tax = 17,000
Pension = 8% (13,600)

Step 1: Total Deduction = 17,000 + 13,600 = 30,600
Step 2: Net Salary = 170,000 – 30,600 = 139,400

Excel Formula:
=A4-(A5+A6)

Final Net Salary = 139,400

Summary

Excel can be used professionally in:

• Structural & Electrical Engineering
• Business & Accounting
• Payroll Management
• Financial Analysis